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Risk factors for neural tube defects in Riyadh City, Saudi Arabia: Case-control study.

Mustafa A M Salih; Waleed R Murshid; Ashry Gad Mohamed; Lena C Ignacio; Julie E de Jesus; Rubana Baabbad; Hassan M El Bushra.


Abstract
Both genetic and non-genetic environmental factors are involved in the etiology of neural tube defects (NTD) which affect 0.5-2/1000 pregnancies worldwide. This study aimed to explore the risk factors for the development of NTD in Saudi population, and highlight identifiable and preventable causes. Similar studies are scarce in similar populations ofthe Arabian Peninsula and North Africa. This is an unmatched concurrent case-control study including NTD cases born at King Khalid University Hospital, Riyadh during a 4-year period (2002-2006). The case-control study included 25 cases and 125 controls (case: control ratio of 1:5). Years of formal education, employment, household environment (including availability of air conditioning) and rate of parental consanguinity did not differ between mothers of cases and controls. Significantly higher proportion of mothers of cases had history of stillbirth compared to control mothers (16% vs 4.1%, P=0.02). Also family history of hydrocephalus and congenital anomalies were more prevalent in cases than controls (P values=0.0000 and 0.003, respectively). There was significant protective effect of periconceptional folic acid consumption both prior to conception (OR 0.02, 95% CI 0.00-0.07) and during the first 6 weeks of conception (OR 0.13, 95% CI 0.04-0.39). Further research, including a larger cohort, is required to enable ascertainment of gene-nutrient and gene environment interactions associated with NTD in Saudi Arabia.

Key words: Folic acid supplementation; Genetics; Neural tube defects; Risk factors; Saudi Arabia


 
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How to Cite this Article
Pubmed Style

Salih MAM, Murshid WR, Mohamed AG, Ignacio LC, Jesus JEd, Baabbad R, Bushra HME. Risk factors for neural tube defects in Riyadh City, Saudi Arabia: Case-control study.. Sudan J Paed. 2014; 14(2): 49-60.

Web Style

Salih MAM, Murshid WR, Mohamed AG, Ignacio LC, Jesus JEd, Baabbad R, Bushra HME. Risk factors for neural tube defects in Riyadh City, Saudi Arabia: Case-control study.. https://sudanjp.com//?mno=280685 [Access: June 21, 2024].

AMA (American Medical Association) Style

Salih MAM, Murshid WR, Mohamed AG, Ignacio LC, Jesus JEd, Baabbad R, Bushra HME. Risk factors for neural tube defects in Riyadh City, Saudi Arabia: Case-control study.. Sudan J Paed. 2014; 14(2): 49-60.


Vancouver/ICMJE Style

Salih MAM, Murshid WR, Mohamed AG, Ignacio LC, Jesus JEd, Baabbad R, Bushra HME. Risk factors for neural tube defects in Riyadh City, Saudi Arabia: Case-control study.. Sudan J Paed. (2014), [cited June 21, 2024]; 14(2): 49-60.


Harvard Style

Salih, M. A. M., Murshid, . W. R., Mohamed, . A. G., Ignacio, . L. C., Jesus, . J. E. d., Baabbad, . R. & Bushra, . H. M. E. (2014) Risk factors for neural tube defects in Riyadh City, Saudi Arabia: Case-control study.. Sudan J Paed, 14 (2), 49-60.


Turabian Style

Salih, Mustafa A M, Waleed R Murshid, Ashry Gad Mohamed, Lena C Ignacio, Julie E de Jesus, Rubana Baabbad, and Hassan M El Bushra. 2014. Risk factors for neural tube defects in Riyadh City, Saudi Arabia: Case-control study.. Sudanese Journal of Paediatrics, 14 (2), 49-60.


Chicago Style

Salih, Mustafa A M, Waleed R Murshid, Ashry Gad Mohamed, Lena C Ignacio, Julie E de Jesus, Rubana Baabbad, and Hassan M El Bushra. "Risk factors for neural tube defects in Riyadh City, Saudi Arabia: Case-control study.." Sudanese Journal of Paediatrics 14 (2014), 49-60.


MLA (The Modern Language Association) Style

Salih, Mustafa A M, Waleed R Murshid, Ashry Gad Mohamed, Lena C Ignacio, Julie E de Jesus, Rubana Baabbad, and Hassan M El Bushra. "Risk factors for neural tube defects in Riyadh City, Saudi Arabia: Case-control study.." Sudanese Journal of Paediatrics 14.2 (2014), 49-60. Print.


APA (American Psychological Association) Style

Salih, M. A. M., Murshid, . W. R., Mohamed, . A. G., Ignacio, . L. C., Jesus, . J. E. d., Baabbad, . R. & Bushra, . H. M. E. (2014) Risk factors for neural tube defects in Riyadh City, Saudi Arabia: Case-control study.. Sudanese Journal of Paediatrics, 14 (2), 49-60.




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