Abstract
Unless decision-makers for the future pediatric workforce are aware of different factors that influence career choices of candidates, they may not be able to meet the needs of this major specialty. Pediatricians should be perceptive, effective communicators, and endlessly patient with the children. In this article, we conducted a thorough literature search to explore factors affecting career choices among undergraduate and postgraduate students who choose paediatrics or pediatric subspecialties. We assessed the similarities and differences in decision-making in pediatric, medicine, surgery, and orthopaedic career contexts to help the candidates in ranking their career options. Authors found that both intrinsic and extrinsic factors shape the career choices of those seeking to work in pediatrics or pediatric subspecialties. A well-structured career development curriculum and clinical experience are considered the most important extrinsic factors, whereas personal characteristics of the candidate and career needs are considered the most important intrinsic factors. These factors may vary across specialties, and even between different subspecialties within the same major specialty. Some factors are considered very important, while others are deemed less so in comparison. The role of mentoring in career selection is crucial. It has been documented in a sizable body of literature that residents are inspired to pursue the careers of their mentors. Pediatrics is no exception. The decision to pursue a subspecialty training is complex and is affected by multiple factors. Those engaged in managing the workforce of the future in the field of pediatrics must familiarize themselves with the intrinsic and extrinsic factors that affect the candidates’ career choices.

Key words: Pediatric workforce, career decision-making, mentorship, extrinsic factors, intrinsic factors.